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This eBook offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges, techniques and solutions for OTA measurements in the mmWave frequency range. The first article is a tutorial on the basics of OTA testing for 5G NR mmWave radios, likely the single most significant contributor to the scale and growth of the mmWave market. The following two articles look at semiconductors in the sub-THz and THz bands that overlap or are adjacent to the mmWave band. The first describes measurement setups and techniques for on-wafer testing. The second of these two articles describes generating signals and measuring devices in the “THz gap” of 100 GHz to 1 THz, where signals transition from electrical to optical. The fourth article in the eBook is an application note that amplifies this theme with the motivation, test setups and test methods for mmWave signal generation and analysis. The fifth article introduces techniques for designing and optimizing a compact antenna range (CATR) for the best OTA temperature tests. The seventh article proposes a test system containing multiple CATRs to enable OTA measurement of multiple angles of arrival. The sixth article and the final article are also application notes. The sixth article presents an overview of how to calculate a link budget for an OTA system and the final article presents an overview of the fundamentals of OTA power measurements.

In today’s high-performance electronic systems, power integrity (PI) has become a critical design and operational factor. With the increasing complexity of circuits, higher frequencies, and shrinking geometries, ensuring stable and clean power delivery across all components is essential. Unstable power supplies can result in signal integrity issues, degraded performance, or even system failure.

This eBook aims to serve as a resource for engineers, designers, and technical professionals looking to understand and improve power integrity in their systems by covering some new topics in this area. The articles cover interconnect requirements for power integrity testing, measuring high output voltage regulator noise, advanced power integrity measurement solutions, why measuring only board-level power rail noise may be misleading, and solving PI problems in FPGA systems.

This eBook aims to provide an overview of some of the latest innovations in surface mount and integrated device with their implications for the military and aerospace industries. As these sectors push the boundaries of what is possible in electronic systems, engineers and designers are continuously seeking ways to optimize size, weight, and power (SWaP) without compromising performance or reliability. Through these articles on new developments in materials, processes, and design methodologies, this eBook provides valuable insights for professionals involved in the design and implementation of military and aerospace systems. As the demand for more compact, efficient, and reliable electronic systems continues to grow, the importance of surface mount components in the military and aerospace sectors will only increase.

This eBook gives you a good overview of emerging components, simulation, analysis techniques and trends that will influence the next generation of defense radar systems. The first article gives a good overview of digital beamforming and direct sampling advantages and how filter technology enables these advances. The second article expands on this theme and advocates for the industry to keep driving analog evolution so that the integration of analog and digital technologies increases the affordability of sophisticated defense systems. The third article is a market report on high-power tubes and the role they still play in defense applications. The following two articles address the analysis and simulation aspects of defense applications. The first presents several factors, along with guidelines and recommended values to use in the PCB design-for-manufacturing (DFM) process. The second of these two articles looks at techniques and methods to simplify system-level behavioral modeling and simulation, using phased arrays as examples. The final article in this eBook brings us back to components with a description of a low noise mmW oscillator developed for radar and communications systems.

With the rapid growth of electronic devices and wireless communication systems, the potential for unwanted electromagnetic signals has increased dramatically. These signals can disrupt the performance of devices, degrade signal integrity, and even cause catastrophic system failures. Whether you are a seasoned engineer or someone new to the field, understanding EMI testing and how amplifiers are used in EMI testing is essential for creating reliable and compliant electronic systems. Amplifiers play a critical role in EMI testing. They are used to boost signals, enabling testers to measure emissions and susceptibility with greater accuracy. In this guide, you will find practical articles on new EMI testing techniques and amplifier selection for test setups.

The August issue of Microwave Journal includes a special focus section eBook on mmWave technology. The articles cover extreme mobile broadband and wireless fiber plus design of an alumina D-band waveguide to coplanar transition. The eBook also has product articles on a new signal generator, real-time spectrum analyzer and mmWave horn antennas for T&M plus a new products section.

Our contributors, experts from various fields, present in-depth analyses and innovative solutions aimed at enhancing the functionality and efficiency of military systems. You'll find comprehensive discussions on implementing high-performance filters in millimeter-wave applications, an overview of trends in RF components for radar, and the transformative potential of multifunction GRIN antennas. These technologies are pivotal in addressing the growing need for multi-mission capabilities within confined spaces, ensuring that our defense systems are both effective and resilient.

The articles in this eBook explore the latest advancements and applications of SWAP-optimized components. For instance, you'll read about the integration of low-noise oscillators, hybrid couplers, and gain equalizers, all designed to meet the stringent requirements of modern radar systems. Additionally, the eBook covers the implementation of automation in microwave system testing and the innovative approaches to open-field and live-system RF testing.

In the ever-evolving landscape of defense technology, GaN has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing the capabilities of military systems. From advanced radar systems to communications systems, GaN technology has been instrumental in enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of defense operations. This eBook, "New Developments in GaN Technology for Defense," covers some of the latest innovations and applications of GaN technology for military markets including radar, amplifier design, thermal and power management, and the advantages of GaN technology. Collectively, the articles in this eBook showcase the transformative potential of GaN technology in bolstering military capabilities.

This eBook is part of the May 2024 issue as a special focus section on 5G/6G topics including AI in 6G, Interconnection Development for mmWave Applications, and Terabit Wireless plus product information on new DDS AWGs, MMIC filters and low phase noise oscillators. These articles are contributed from industry leading companies such as Keysight, NI, Pasternack, ETI, Marki Microwave, Quantic Wenzel and Spectrum Instrumentation. There is also a new products section.

Most every wireless and wireline communication network, along with radar systems uses a digital modulation scheme that is susceptible to noise and jitter. Many systems still use a heterodyne architecture that converts the digital signal to a higher-frequency analog signal. This architecture relies on a mixer to create these higher frequencies. Noise from any component that reaches the mixer can be re-mixed and this reduces the sensitivity and selectivity of the entire system as re-mixed signals leak into adjacent channels. Phase noise is a big contributor to this potential issue.

This eBook provides an overview of phase noise mechanisms, causes and effects, along with insights into how to calculate, measure and design to minimize phase noise. The first article discusses the basics, along with how high-precision quartz oscillators benefit applications. The second article provides an analysis of the causal effects of phase noise in radar and satellite communications. Article three is an application note that provides a thorough analysis of how to measure two-port residual phase noise. The final two articles address design and testing challenges to minimize phase noise in millimeter wave components.