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When testing radars, it is often necessary to use a signal generator to test up/downconverter chains. Frequency switching speed is important when evaluating an agile system, or simply to minimize test time. This whitepaper will describe the challenges and a solution that provides low phase noise and fast switching speed.
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the feasibility study of a multi-band SAR based on an emerging Teledyne e2v’s proprietary Digital to Analogue Converter (DAC) and Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) capable of direct signal generation and direct synthesis up to Ka-band.
The safe rollout of new 5G services using C-band spectrum near airports requires realistic modeling of radio propagation to mitigate potential interference with legacy radar altimeters. In this whitepaper, Wireless InSite provides a realistic assessment of radar altimeter interference due to emissions from 5G base stations along a landing approach.
Systems utilizing high-speed digital signals are ubiquitous and necessary parts of everyday life. For the designer or informed consumer, it is important to understand how to analyze transport media to obtain optimal performance. This article examines digital signal analysis methodology using a VNA.
This white paper provides a technology deep dive into the architecture, protocols and physical layer of 5G NR V2X communications in line with 3GPP Release 16.
This eBook explores advancements in the design of filters and resonator technologies. The first article illustrates how EM simulation has significantly improved the development of complex filters. The article illustrates the process with the design of a 75 Ω filter covering 564 to 1200 MHz for a cable TV distribution system. The second article continues the design discussion using a bandpass filter for 5G band n257. The next article describes an innovative evolution of YIG resonators — reducing power consumption, size and cost — and its application to tunable filters. The article discusses the evolution of the YIG and how one company is applying this improved capability to tunable filters operating above 2 GHz. Read this to learn more about these topics.
This eBook contains five articles describing aspects of EMC testing, which is the means used to validate EMC among the near infinite possibility of co-located systems. The first article reviews the characteristics of mmWave propagation, how mmWave signals are generated, their applications and the measurement challenges when identifying and characterizing potential interferers. The next addresses one of the core challenges faced by companies offering EMC testing: long test times reduce the availability of the test facility and limit the number of devices that can be certified, reducing testing revenue. The article describes an approach to accelerate testing without reducing the accuracy of the measurement, known as time domain scanning. An application note from AR covers the important factors when selecting a power amplifier for EMC testing, including the type of amplifier for the required power level (e.g., solid-state or tube), modulation capabilities and other requirements such as linearity and the ability to withstand mismatches. The next article assesses the ROI from establishing an in-house EMC test capability using representative costs. The final article presents the rationale and benefits for multi-tone testing. Read this eBook to learn more about these topics.
The adoption of mmWave frequencies to provide the bandwidth for the high data rates envisioned for 5G — “enhanced mobile broadband” or eMBB — unveiled a stream of measurement challenges. They begin with the greater sensitivity of the cable assemblies interconnecting mmWave components and extend to the need for over the air measurements where there are no wired connections. To address the challenges making accurate and repeatable measurements, from the semiconductor to the system, this eBook collates several Rohde & Schwarz articles and focuses on the mmWave frequencies in the FR2 (frequency range) bands. The eBook concludes with an example of a test system for characterizing and testing a Sivers Semiconductors transceiver and antenna module that operate over the 57 to 71 GHz unlicensed band.
RF and radio system development is becoming more complex at a time that technical support is becoming more diffused. Design Accelerator hardware development tools can speed design and development. This paper presents how Design Accelerators reduce design time, an analysis of how different types of accelerator boards serve different development needs (from designing waveforms or developing software, to proving concepts and prototyping), as well as an exploration of the different levels of integration available in accelerator boards.
A VNA measures reflection coefficients of RF devices and systems. To be very meticulous, each measurement should be accompanied by an uncertainty with a specified statistical confidence interval. To understand the measurement uncertainty, or accuracy, it is important to understand the contributing factors, which are explored in this white paper.