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The superior performance of active/advanced antenna systems (AAS) compared to traditional passive antenna systems (PAS) is driving a transition towards AAS for telecommunications base stations. These AAS are composed of several to even hundreds of antenna elements that, depending on the design, require distinct RF signal chains to the antenna elements.
Learn why new technologies are being adopted to address the need for higher bandwidth in data centers to run increasingly complex tasks and applications. Learn how the use of ultra-low jitter reference clocks to provide the optimal system performance in data centers.
To continue supporting the rapid pace of new innovations and applications being run in the cloud, architects and hardware designers must continue to expand bandwidth within the servers, storage equipment and switching networks within data centers. The migration to 100/400GbE in data center interconnect and leaf/spine switches, PCIe Gen4/5 in servers and add-in cards, and NVME in solid state storage all exemplify new technologies being adopted to address the need for higher bandwidth. To ensure the maximum potential of these technologies is reached, system designers must put greater importance on clock tree design and use ultra-low jitter reference clocks throughout the data center.
The New Space market is growing fast, and LEO Satellite Systems require the latest RF technology for communications and data transmission. This eBook covers the latest in LEO constellations and RF technology for power amplifier and components. The first two articles cover Ka-Band amplifiers and how GaN is changing the RF front end. GaN technology offers more efficient power solutions, opening up new ways to configure systems to reduce power consumption and heat dissipation. Other articles review the broadband satellite market, GlobalStar LEO Satellite System, Kuiper’s terminals, and the use of COTS components for Space applications.
With direct-to-satellite connectivity, unmodified cellular smartphones and IoT devices can now leverage satellite communications networks. These new capabilities will meet the needs of many applications for connectivity in remote areas where cellular service is unavailable while supplementing them in areas with cellular service already available. This eBook looks at various satellite communications trends along with the challenges and solutions related to device and system simulation and testing for these markets. Keysight Technologies, the sponsor of this eBook, presents end-to-end capabilities for testing and evaluating devices, subsystems, and systems for the growing satellite market.
The expansion of electronic and radio frequency technology into almost every aspect of daily life has greatly increased the importance of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing. This educational note discusses the fundamentals of EMC precompliance testing: what precompliance is, why precompliance is important, and how precompliance testing is performed.
This Skyworks whitepaper discusses the role of holdover and its evolution from legacy SONET/SDH networks, which depend on frequency synchronization up to modern 5G mobile telecommunication which depend on frequency, phase, and time synchronization using IEEE 1588.
This paper looks at common system architectures for short- to medium-range AESA radars, with a focus on the front-end components used to enhance system performance. These components include the power amplifier (PA) for transmit, the low-noise amplifier (LNA) for receive, and the transmit-receive switch to connect the antenna to the electronics. Key features include the different power levels, frequency bands, and compact size required to use these systems in urban areas.
Analyzing co-site interference using electromagnetics simulation solutions requires:
Accurate determination of the coupling between antennas over a broad frequency range
Evaluation of the impact of non-linear electronic effects
This white paper describes how to analyze co-site interference on large multi-antenna platforms, modify proposed configurations, and easily eliminate co-site interference problems.
As the demand for higher frequencies and data rates and more accurate measurement capabilities increase, achieving ultra-low clock jitter for ADC and DAC converters becomes a critical specification. This paper illustrates how a high-quality crystal oscillator paired with a high-performance PLL/VCO enables small form factor, high-performance <30 fs clocks.
This white paper presents some of the key research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) challenges that arise when developing and deploying systems that need to operate in congested and/or contested RF environments.
