Rohde & Schwarz

This white paper examines the contrasts between traditional line of sight (LoS) radar and over-the-horizon (OTH) HF radar, driven by emerging threats like hypersonic missiles. It delves into HF propagation principles, interference sources, and operational OTH radar like ROTHR and JORN, while also addressing challenges in research, development, testing, and evaluation.

This paper provides an in-depth exploration of space EW - from the space domain ecosystem to important EW technologies. Learn about the five Ds of offensive space EW, jamming mitigation techniques and much more. Additionally, discover a range of cutting-edge tools that can be employed for effective EW activities in space.

With its small footprint, the R&S®ATS1000 antenna test system is the ideal direct far-field OTA system to test phased array antennas. The system tests and optimizes the radiation characteristics of any modules using the AiP technology from 18 GHz to 87 GHz. Register and learn more in our paper.

Read this white paper to get an overview of the UWB standards and international UWB consortia, technical fundamentals of UWB technology and the high rate pulse (HRP) UWB physical (PHY) layer based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard as well as the IEEE 802.15.4z standard.

The expansion of electronic and radio frequency technology into almost every aspect of daily life has greatly increased the importance of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing. This educational note discusses the fundamentals of EMC precompliance testing: what precompliance is, why precompliance is important, and how precompliance testing is performed.

This whitepaper explores the innovative concept of passive radar and its many advantages. We cover its operating principles, basics of bistatic radars and the concept of EoOs. We also evaluate the role of satellite illumination and forward scattering in passive radar and highlight real-world examples of operational passive radar systems.

This application note describes the cold source technique as it is implemented on the R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer.

The expansion of electronic and radio frequency technology into almost every aspect of daily life has greatly increased the importance of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing. This educational note discusses the fundamentals of EMC precompliance testing: what precompliance is, why precompliance is important, and how precompliance testing is performed.

This white paper presents some of the key research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) challenges that arise when developing and deploying systems that need to operate in congested and/or contested RF environments.

Noise sources used for noise figure and gain measurements are typically controlled by the spectrum analyzer or noise figure meter instruments and are calibrated with their ENR value (Excess noise ratio). This application note describes a technique to perform a calibrated noise power measurement (P_hot) with spectrum analyzers and noise sources.