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Global Posistioning System (GPS) frequency and time standards that represent a significant advantage in time keeping and frequency reference technology
A GPS Frequency and Time Standard Quartzlock UK Ltd. Totnes, Devon, UK The Global Positioning System (GPS) is used widely to determine location. If at least four of the system's satellites are in view (typically six or seven are in view at one time), position can be determined in...
System Design, Simulation and Analysis Software Elanix Inc. Westlake Village, CA A new comprehensive PC-based software package has been developed specifically to support all aspects of system design. SystemView" is a complete visual design environment for dynamic system design, simulation and analysis. The software suite operates under Windows® with...
A 2 GHz Hand-held RF Field Strength Analyzer Protek Northvale, NJ In today's complex world of wireless communications systems it is sometimes necessary to determine a transmitter's radiated field strength in actual field operating conditions. This strategy requires portable testing in the field, which may be among buildings in...
Cold War to Counter Drug Ellen Ferraro and Drew Ganter Raytheon Co. Bedford, MA A small twin-engine airplane flies low over the water to avoid radar detection. At an undisclosed Caribbean airfield, two men waiting by a truck signal that it is all clear to land. The plane lands...
The Pulse Desensitization Factor Morris Engelson JMS Consulting Portland, OR Len Garrett Tektronix Inc. Beaverton, OR It is well understood that the occupied spectrum width of a pulsed signal is inversely proportional to pulse width, accompanied by an associated reduction in spectrum level as the spectrum width increases. In...
A comparison of the electric field measured with a modulated scattering technique and calculated with finite-difference time domain simulations for three-stage coupled-line microstrip bandpass filter
Near-field Mapping above a Coupled-line Filter and a MMIC This article presents a comparison of the electric field measured with the modulated scattering technique and calculated with finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulations for a three-stage coupled-line microstrip bandpass filter. Electrically small dipoles and monopoles 150 and 100 mm long,...
Applying Error Correction to Network Analyzer Measurements David Ballo Hewlett-Packard Co., Microwave Instruments Division Santa Rosa, CA Designers and manufacturers use network analysis to measure the electrical performance of the components and circuits destined for use in more complex systems. When these devices convey signals with information content, designers...
Around The Circuit INDUSTRY NEWS Raytheon Co. has completed its merger with Hughes Aircraft 's defense operations. Raytheon reports the merger is part of the company's effort to remain a top-tier company in a consolidating defense industry. The defense operations will become part of Raytheon Systems Co. , a...
New Literature Accuracy Application Note This application note describes frequency accuracy for test equipment, including synthesized signal generators, network analyzers, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers and other equipment that use quartz crystal time base standards. Methods are presented to determine overall frequency uncertainty. Anritsu Co., Microwave Measurement Division, Morgan Hill,...
COMPONENTS GaAs IC Digital Attenuator The model AD 210-25 attenuator designed for wireless communications applications offers good power control reproducibility in 1 dB steps to 15 dB and repeatability of ±0.25 dB +5 percent of the attenuation setting. The unit offers low insertion loss of 1.3 dB (typ) at...