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Test applications that require microwave power from 1 to 18 GHz are usually addressed by two amplifiers, a solid-state unit to cover the low frequency range and a traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA) for the higher range. The input signal must be switched between the two amplifiers and, if there...

With the steady improvements in tracking radar technologies over the past twenty years, the diameter requirements for antennas has been reduced to match the improvements in transmitter power and receiver sensitivity. This has led to a need for shorter feeds for use in Cassegrain configurations. Antenna feeds have recently...

By using impedance or admittance inverters, microwave bandpass filters can be designed more conveniently with only one kind of resonator. Theoretically, the inverters have to be frequency independent. However, this is not true for practical cases. One of the most serious degradations in frequency response of a bandpass filter...

Today's investment in and commitment to meaningful, commercially viable research will determine the shape and prosperity of tomorrow's microwave industry. Following its introduction in 2001 the second Microwave Journal guide to European research projects highlights the studies being undertaken by academic and commercial establishments to develop the innovations that...

Voltage-controlled surface acoustic wave (SAW) oscillators (VCSO) have been used for many years in both commercial and military applications. The low phase noise allows frequency multiplication to higher frequencies for use as sources, such as local oscillators in radar and other microwave systems. The excellent tuning linearity provides outstanding...

In part I, the economic case from the network operator’s perspective was reviewed and it was found that as operators improve their residual BER performance, their market space is expanded from simple voice applications to e-commerce transactions and other data traffic which demands ultra low error rates. Next, the...

Wireless local area networks (WLAN) are becoming increasingly popular in the corporate environment. They provide high speed connectivity and easy access to corporate networks without requiring wiring. Flexibility is key with WLAN capability. In a corporate environment, individuals can be mobile and at the same time constantly be connected...

On July 10, 2002, Loral Skynet marked the 40th anniversary of the launch of Telstar 1, the world’s first active communications satellite built by Skynet’s predecessors at AT&T and Bell Laboratories. Telstar 1 was launched from Cape Canaveral aboard a Boeing Thor Delta rocket and soon thereafter broadcast the...

Broadband subscriber numbers continue to gain momentum in an effort to meet the ever-increasing demand for broadband access. Availability of broadband access will remain the biggest challenge for many regions of the world where infrastructures are not built-out or have just begun implementation. Key highlights of the broadband market...

Despite tough economic conditions overall, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) continue their upward trend, according to In-Stat/MDR. The high tech market research firm reports that every major market has now embraced the technology and that mature segments will see relatively low compound annual growth rates (CAGR), and that in others, such...