Articles by Copper Mountain Technologies

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VNA Time Domain Processing

This application note explains Vector Network Analyzers and S-parameter measurements using time domain in the software. This paper contrasts frequency and time domain analyses, including Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) for time domain representation. The text discusses applications such as impulse response, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR), and Time Domain Gating for improved measurement accuracy.




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Mixer Measurement with a Vector Network Analyzer

RF mixers are pivotal components in electronic circuits, manipulating frequencies for transmission and reception. This article explores methodologies for characterizing mixer performance using Vector Network Analyzers (VNAs). Key measurements include conversion loss, compression, and IP3, essential for evaluating signal conversion from RF to intermediate frequency (IF).




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The Inverse Chirp-Z Transform for VNA Time Domain Processing

This article explores the intricacies of improving time domain analysis in Vector Network Analyzers (VNAs) through the utilization of the Inverse Chirp-Z Transform. Initially, it discusses the limitations encountered when employing conventional methods such as the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform in Python for time domain conversion, highlighting issues of resolution and accuracy.




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CopperMountain

VNA Time Domain Processing

From understanding S-parameters to mastering discrete Fourier transforms, this article delves into frequency and time domain analysis, showcasing applications like spectral analysis, impulse response simulations, and time gating for accurate measurements. Explore the intricacies of TDR and lowpass modes, and unlock the potential of VNA technology for precise RF measurements and signal analysis.


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Copper Mountain

Understanding Shield Effectiveness

Shielding, or screening effectiveness, is essential to the safe operation of electric vehicles (EVs). There was a time when the noise generated by the spark plugs firing in an internal combustion engine caused an annoying buzz when listening to the AM radio. Circuit designs have since evolved, and this issue was eventually resolved, but now the issue is back.


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