White Papers

“High-performance, millimeter-wave MMIC products” and “cost-effective surface mount lead-frame-based packaging” typically don’t come up in the same conversation, and for good reason. Just two or three years ago, it was difficult to conceive of operating at frequencies above 20 GHz without considering an expensive, open cavity, HTCC package or resorting to more bespoke chip and wire assemblies.

The increasing density of devices, machines, systems and vehicles using wireless connectivity solutions can pose a great challenge for a new Wi-Fi module due to the presence of interfering signals. A wireless receiver’s ability to receive a wanted signal in the presence of an interfering signal is described by blocking characteristics.

Learn about four network analyzer capabilities that make next-generation testing significantly more efficient in our eBook. Conduct time domain analysis, spectrum analysis, and more with a single connection to a network analyzer.

In the radio-frequency world, the term "direction finding" (DF) refers to the use of specialized instruments, antennas, and methodologies to determine the physical or geographical location of an emitter; that is, a source of radio-frequency energy.

This white paper provides an overview of test solutions addressing current and future requirements for antenna verification including both conducted and over-the-air test methods, which result from applying Massive MIMO antenna technology.

Learn about the basics of OTA Testing including near-field and far-field definitions/equations, typical parameters to measure for device characterization, various methods to transform near-field to far-field for measurements, and how to perform far-field measurements at near-field distances. Download this informational poster now.

The major consistent trend in the satcom industry is the necessity to achieve greater performance while reducing the size of the device. Microwave component design engineers have to balance SWaP for BUCs and SSPAs, and deal with the high heat fluxes involved.

Today’s satellite communication systems combine features from legacy cellular networks and emerging wireless technologies. New constellations are under development that attempt to provide ubiquitous mobility and internet networks via satellites, ground stations and user terminals.

RF/microwave modules, often referred to as “hybrids,” integrate functional blocks used to transmit and/or receive radio signals. These hybrid circuits combine different technologies, including monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs)/RFICs, discrete field-effect transistors (FETs), and passive devices attached to substrates such as alumina or FR4, which contain circuit traces and distributed components, all within a single housing or enclosure.

Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a commonplace technique for efficiently driving switched mode supplies at a fixed frequency. This applies to many types of power supplies in industrial control systems, power electronics and digital communications.