In the last couple of years, the RF GaN market experienced an impressive growth and has reshaped the RF power industry landscape. By the end of 2017, the total RF GaN market was close to US$380 million, announces Yole Développement in this new report titled “RF GaN Market: Applications, Players, Technology and Substrates 2018-2023.” According to the analysts, the penetration rate in various markets, and in particular telecom and defense applications, had a breakout period in the last two years: CAGR in these two markets is more than 20 percent.

This period was just the beginning. Indeed Yole announces another a strong boost that will occur around 2019–2020, led by the implementation of 5G networks. The total RF GaN market size will be a factor of 3.4 larger by the end of 2023, posting a 22.9 percent CAGR from 2017-2023.

Yole’s RF GaN market report describes GaN’s presence and development in different markets, including wireless infrastructure, defense and aerospace, satellite communication, wired broadband, both in coaxial cables used in cable TV (CATV) and fiber-to-the-home and other industrial, scientific and medical radio band applications. It also offers a complete analysis covering different emerging GaN players: Sumitomo Electric, Wolfspeed, Qorvo; these companies and more are part of Yole’s study.

2017 has been undoubtedly a good year. Recognized by the industrial players, the RF GaN technology is becoming the current mainstream within the RF industry. Mostly dominated by the IDM companies, Sumitomo, Qorvo and Cree, the industry is at a critical stage. Indeed tomorrow should be different with the penetration of the foundries.

But what happened since Yole’s previous technology & market report? After the failed acquisition by Infineon, Wolfspeed now reintergrate into Cree’s business. Ampleon announced an acquisition offer by a Chinese LED company, named Aurora Sapphire. This company is a competitor of San’an Optoelectronics. In addition, companies like MACOM and Sumitomo have begun using silver sintering as the die attach material, it helps thermal control and improves the device quality. It is been confirmed that next step will be using pure copper as flange material for the package. The RF GaN industry confirms its dynamism.

Yole Développement envisions telecom and defense markets acting as the mainstay of the industry.

The telecom market, thanks to the increasing development pace of 5G networks, will bring a huge opportunity for GaN devices beginning in 2018. Compared to existing silicon LDMOS and GaAs solutions, GaN devices are able to deliver the power/efficiency level required for next generation high frequency telecom networks. Also, GaN’s broadband capability is one of the key elements for enabling important new technologies, such as multi-band carrier aggregation. GaN HEMTs have been the candidate technology for future macro base station power amplifiers. Yole estimates most sub-6 GHz macro network cell implementation will use GaN devices because LDMOS can no longer hold up at such high frequencies and GaAs is not optimum for high-power applications. However, because small cells do not need such high power existing technology like GaAs still has advantages. At the same time, market volumes will increase faster because higher frequencies reduce the coverage of each base station, and thus more transistors will be implemented.

The defense market has been the major driving force for GaN development in the past decades. Originating in the U.S. Department of Defense, GaN devices have been implemented in new generation aerial and ground radars. GaN’s high-power capability improves detection range and resolution, and designers are becoming increasingly familiar with this new technology. Nevertheless, this military-related technology is very sensitive. And as GaN devices are becoming popular in defense applications, the development of the nonmilitary part could be affected. This is especially true in terms of mergers and acquisitions. Governments could block deals if businesses target military applications, as in Aixtron’s acquisition by FGC Investment Fund, or Wolfspeed’s by Infineon.

“GaN RF has been recognized by the industry and has become mainstream”, asserts Zhen Zong, technology and market analyst at Yole. “Indeed, leading players are increasing revenue very rapidly and this trend will remain for the next several years.” 

GaN transistors price is still relatively high today. According to Yole’s analysts, in a near future, more and more players should penetrate the market ensuring volumes increase and prices decrease. In parallel, the consulting company highlights significant issues related to the packaging. An effort in packaging could also strongly bring price reduction to an attractive level. Today, more players are choosing a plastic package: the industry is showing some movement on new types of packaging material and new die attach methods. 

With important R&D investments, new packaging technologies in the package material and die attach will be more frequently used in higher-frequency and higher-power applications. “Indeed, we believe it will help reduce the price and ameliorate the performance”, explains Zhen Zong from Yole.

The GaN industry will grow in the coming years. Existing market leaders will no doubt increase their revenue, but likely not their market share.